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2019年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)段落匹配真題及答案

一、2019年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)段落匹配真題

A) Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians (百歲老人). Worldwide, probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers, 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.

B) Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity (長(zhǎng)壽) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life, not just the end of it.

C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer.

D) But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a career; These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962, 50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that milestone (里程碑) had shifted to age 29.

E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.

F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive (認(rèn)知的) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.

G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.

H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education, administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained, 60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your skills will become unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.

I) It seems likely, then’ that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two, three, or even more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer, yet another on making a social contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities, and provide a foundation for building a wide variety of skills.

J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals (休假) as people find time to rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist.

K) A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.

L) These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.

M) With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. In a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduate at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30, 50, or 70; and become an independent producer at any age.

N) Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.

36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.

37. Just extending one's career may have both positive and negative effects.

38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.

39. Because of their longer lifespan? young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.

40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.

41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people's approach to life.

42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.

43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.

44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.

45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.

二、2019年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)段落匹配答案

36. I、37.G、38.D、39.N、40.A、41.K、42.H、43.F、44.M、45.C

2019年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)段落匹配真題及答案小編就說(shuō)到這里了，希望大家都能掌握各類題型的解題技巧。更多關(guān)于英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的備考技巧，備考干貨，新聞資訊，分?jǐn)?shù)線等內(nèi)容，小編會(huì)持續(xù)更新。祝愿各位考生都能順利通過(guò)考試。

2020年7月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題：完形填空原文及答案

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

“Science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated." Those were the words uttered by pioneering British scientist Rosalind Franklin, who firmly believed that the pursuit of science should be (26) to all.

As a woman working in the first half of the 20th century, Franklin’.s contributions to some of the greatest scientific discoveries of our time - including the structure of DNA - were sadly

(27) in her lifetime. One of my proudest moments in my role as universities and science minister was being able to go some way to redress this injustice last month, by unveiling the new Mars rover named after this brilliant British scientist.

Today, on International Women’ s Day, it is only right that we recognize the important work of female scientists like Franklin and seek to honour her memory by inspiring more women and girls to follow in her footsteps.

More than 60 years after Franklin’ s death, we are (28) living in a different world, where women play an important part in every echelon of our society-not least in science, innovation, higher education and research.

UK universities are world leaders when it comes to advancing and (29) gender equality. The Athena SWAN charter, initially established to improve the representation of women in scientific disciplines in higher education, now has 145 members. It has also expanded to promote gender equality in multiple disciplines-including the arts, social sciences, humanities, business and law.

In the past decade, we have seen a (30) increase in England in the number of women accepted on to full-time undergraduate degrees in science, technology, engineering and maths (Stem subjects). And in the last academic year, women (31) for more than half of all Stem postgraduates at UK universities. The government is taking further steps to improve women’ s representation in science and has today awarded nine inspiring women ￡50,000 to develop inventions to tackle the challenges and seize the opportunities we face as a society. From new materials to cut down on plastics pollution to special devices to improve posture and comfort for wheelchair users, these women are at the forefront of creating the new technology for tomorrow.

This is significant progress, but access to higher education is only half of the equation. To have real equality in the sector, we need to ensure talented women are able to progress into the academic and leadership roles they desire, and get the remuneration they deserve.

Data shows us the (32) to success gets harder for women to climb the further up they go.

Although women make up the majority of undergraduates in our universities, just under half of academic staff are female. At (33) levels, only a quarter of professors are women, and black women make up less than 2% of all female academic staff.

I welcome the introduction of pro-active strategies like the new initiative at the University of

Leicester, which I am visiting today, to increase the number of female professors by 1.5% each year,with the overall goal of having 30% professorships held by women by 2020.

There are also stark differences in pay across grades. The gender pay gap based on median salaries across the sector in 2016-17 was 13.7%, (34) there is still some way to go to ensure women are rising through the ranks to higher grade positions and being paid (35) .

答案:

26. A) accessible

27. J) overlooked

28. O) thankfully

29. K) promoting

30. E) considerable

31. B) accounted

32. G) ladder

33. L) senior

34. N) suggesting

35. D) appropriately

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出500財(cái)富值，哪個(gè)高手，給我找30道大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)的選擇題(包括答案解析)，

我從普特英語(yǔ)四級(jí)欄目給你整理過(guò)來(lái)的

題目：The Internet Doesn’ t Hurt People - People Do: ‘The NewDigital Age’

整體評(píng)價(jià)：第一篇文章比第二篇文章難度略低。主要做題方法是根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行定位，而這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)是四級(jí)強(qiáng)化閱讀課中反復(fù)提及的重點(diǎn)。前四題均是細(xì)節(jié)題，只需要根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞精確定位即可。而最后一題是推理題，需要綜合歸納文中所提到的內(nèi)容，難度較前四題略高。

文章：

The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history,comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billionpeople worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and cancommunicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carryeverywhere. But the Internet’s tremendous impacts has only just begun.

“Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and politicaltransformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fullyglobal,” Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book. The New Digital Age.

Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currentlylack Internet access get online. The authors do an excellent job of examining the implications ofthe Internet revolution for individuals, governments, and institutions like the news media. But if thebook has one major shortcoming, it’s that authors don’t spend enough time applying a critical eyeto the role of Internet businesses in these weeping changes.

In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes - andmore importantly predicts - how the Internet will shape our lives in the coming decades. They painta picture of a world in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal withtwo realities, one physical, and one virtual.

At the core of the book is the idea that “technology is neutral, but people aren’t.” By using thisconcept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs.pessimist dichotomy(對(duì)立觀點(diǎn))that has characterized many recent debates about whether the riseof the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week,Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet,they’re also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion peoplecome online, particularly with respect to personal privacy and state surveillance(監(jiān)視).

In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press andthe telegraph？

A It transforms human history. C. It is adopted by all humanity.

B.It facilitates daily communication. D.It revolutions people’s thinking.

正確選項(xiàng)：根據(jù)題文同序的原則和題中的關(guān)鍵“the rise of the Internet”和“the invention of theprinting press and the telegraph”回到文中，定位到第一段的第一句。 The rise of the Internet hasbeen one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to theinvention of the printing press and the telegraph.文中的comparable 是對(duì)similar to 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。第一句話是題干的同義改寫(xiě)，并且說(shuō)明它們產(chǎn)生的影響是相同的，所以我們應(yīng)該在文章的第二句來(lái)找一下它們產(chǎn)生的是什么影響。Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly moreinformation than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. 根據(jù)第二句可知网络使得人們能獲得更多信息，能進(jìn)行及時(shí)的溝通，并且經(jīng)常使用移動(dòng)通信工具。可見(jiàn)网络的作用是使得人們的日常溝通更加順暢。因此答案應(yīng)選B.It facilitates daily communication.

錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)：A It transforms human history. 它改變了人類的歷史，而在文中的第一句只是說(shuō)它是一種人類歷史中充滿變化的發(fā)展，而不是改變了人類的歷史，范圍過(guò)大。C It is adopted by allhumanity.被全人類所應(yīng)用，all 過(guò)于絕對(duì)。D.It revolutions people’s thinking.沒(méi)有提到變革了人們的思考方式。無(wú)中生有。

How do Schmidt and Cohen describe the effects of the Internet？

A They are immeasurable. C They are unpredictable.

B They are worldwide. D They are contaminating

正確選項(xiàng)：根據(jù)人名Schmidt and Cohen定位到第二段，問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是兩人對(duì)网络的影響的描述，所以應(yīng)重點(diǎn)看他們說(shuō)的引號(hào)內(nèi)的那句話?！癕ass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the mostexciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change,this time the effects are fully global,”根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞effect，所以可以精確定位到這句話的后半句，thistime the effect are fully global。所以可見(jiàn)网络的影響是越來(lái)越全球化的的?；氐竭x項(xiàng)中，只有B選項(xiàng)中的worldwide 是對(duì)global 的同義改寫(xiě)。所以答案是B They are worldwide.

錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)：A immeasurable 無(wú)可估量的。C unpredictable 難以預(yù)測(cè)的。D contaminating 污染的。

In what respect is the book The New Digital Age considered inadequate?

A It fails to recognize the impact of the Internet technology.

B It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.

C It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.

D It does not address the technical aspects of Internet communication.

正確選項(xiàng)：定位到第三段，重點(diǎn)去看書(shū)的不足。定位到第三句。But if the book has one majorshort-coming, it’s that the authors don’t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role ofInternet businesses in these sweeping changes.可知書(shū)的不足之處是作者沒(méi)有時(shí)間以一種批判的眼光來(lái)看待電子商務(wù)所扮演的角色。因此，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中唯一提到Internet business的只有C選項(xiàng)。C 它缺乏對(duì)電子商務(wù)扮演的角色的客觀評(píng)估。所以正確答案是 C It lacks an objective evaluation of therole of Internet businesses.

錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)：A 它不能認(rèn)識(shí)到网络科技的作用。B 它不能深入調(diào)查网络產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)影響。

D 它不能解決网络交流的技術(shù)性問(wèn)題 均是無(wú)中生有。

59.What will the future be like when everybody gets online？

A People will be living in two different realities.

B People will have equal access to information.

C People don’t have to travel to see the world.

D People don’t have to communicate face to face.

正確選項(xiàng)：重點(diǎn)根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞future來(lái)進(jìn)行解題。定位到第四段的第二句。They paint a paint of aworld in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities,one physical, and one virtual.They paint a paint of a world是題干中future的改寫(xiě)，所以后面提到的deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.They paint a paint of a world就是未來(lái)會(huì)出現(xiàn)的場(chǎng)景。而選項(xiàng)中只有A提到了two different realities。所以正確答案A People will be living in twodifferent realities.

錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)：文中均無(wú)提及，無(wú)中生有。

What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?

A They leave many questions unanswered concerning the Internet.

B They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.

C They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.

D They don’t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.

正確選項(xiàng)：根據(jù)題文同序原則回到文中最后一段來(lái)找這本書(shū)的作者。定位到第二句話，By usingthis concept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs.pessimist dichotomy （對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)）that has characterized many recent debates about whether therise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society.近期對(duì)于网络的興起對(duì)社會(huì)來(lái)說(shuō)最終是利還是弊的爭(zhēng)論，大多是持樂(lè)觀或悲觀的對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)，而本書(shū)的作者很好的繞開(kāi)了這些對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn)。第三句，In an interview with Time earlier this week ,Cohen said that although he and his co-author are certainly optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they’re also realistic about therisks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online, particularly withrespect to personal privacy and state surveillance(監(jiān)視).最后一句中，介紹作者不僅提到了网络的好處，也提到了网络存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和危險(xiǎn)。所以答案應(yīng)該指出作者是持一種中立態(tài)度的。而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有D選項(xiàng)提到作者們don’t take sides，沒(méi)有站在任何一邊，符合原文。所以正確答案：DThey don’t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.

錯(cuò)誤答案：A 他們留下很多關(guān)于网络的問(wèn)題沒(méi)有解答。無(wú)中生有。B 他們對(duì)网络變革的未來(lái)非常樂(lè)觀。只有樂(lè)觀過(guò)于片面。C 他們探索了虛擬世界中不為人知的領(lǐng)域，無(wú)中生有。

Passage Two

總體評(píng)價(jià)：這篇文章較第一篇難度略有提高，單詞和長(zhǎng)難句都有所增加。四級(jí)閱讀強(qiáng)化班重點(diǎn)給大家講解了在句子看不太懂的情況下如何把題做對(duì)，也就是抓中心話題的方法。希望同學(xué)們都能夠運(yùn)用在答題中。

In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job inthe auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage(抵押貸款)payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similarmortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly eamings.

Other members of the autoworker’s family, however might be less inclined to tried the present forthe past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then. Through-out much of the 1960s,more than a quarter of men and women and women age 65 and olderlived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.

In most stales, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a card in her own name. In 42 states, ahomemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legalprotection against family violence.

Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average they earned 40 percentless than their white counterparts(職位相當(dāng)?shù)娜?,white racially restrictive agreements largelyprevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working -classfamilies.

Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not togo back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. Thespread of no -fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is moreinterested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain formany families.

The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. Accordingto a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close asthe one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to imaginary golden age.

61 What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?

A.They had less job security than they do today.

B.It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.

C.Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.

D.They were better off than workers in other industries.

正確答案：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“American autoworkers”和1950進(jìn)行定位，定位到第一段的第一、二句，In1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in theauto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage(抵押貸款)payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. 第一句說(shuō)明在1950，年輕人比現(xiàn)在容易在汽車行業(yè)找到并保持工作，而第二句說(shuō)的是當(dāng)時(shí)的房貸是工資的13.4%，綜上兩句說(shuō)明在當(dāng)時(shí)年輕人找工作和買房都是相對(duì)輕松的。提到工作和買房這兩個(gè)話題的只有A和B，而只有B選項(xiàng)提到當(dāng)時(shí)買房并不困難。所以正確答案：B.It was not too difficult for themto buy a house.

錯(cuò)誤答案：A 和現(xiàn)在相比他們的工作較不穩(wěn)定。而文中說(shuō)的是當(dāng)時(shí)比現(xiàn)在更穩(wěn)固。與原文相反。C他們賺的錢(qián)是現(xiàn)在的兩倍。這是根據(jù)第一段最后一句進(jìn)行干擾。Today a similar mortgage wouldclaim more than twice that share of his monthly eamings.原文是指現(xiàn)在他們的住房貸款占工資的比例是1950年的兩倍。D 他們比其他產(chǎn)業(yè)的要更好。沒(méi)有提及和其他產(chǎn)業(yè)的比較。